The mineral resources in China are divided into four major categories: energy, metallic, non-metallic, and groundwater and gas mineral resources. Non-metallic mineral resources are widely used in industries, such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, construction, machinery, agriculture, environmental protection, and medicine, and are increasingly being used in high-tech fields and strategic emerging industries such as national defense, aerospace, and communications. They are indispensable and important mineral resources for the development of the national economy and society. With the progress of science and technology, new physical and chemical properties of non-metallic mineral resources are constantly being studied and discovered. New applications, such as mineral functional materials using non-metallic mineral resources as the main mineral raw materials, continue to expand, and they are playing an increasingly important role in the development of national economic security, national defense security, and strategic emerging industries.