The East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW) are regarded as the kidneys of Kolkata and were named one of the two most remarkable wetlands in the world in 2017. It serves as the Bidhyadhari River's spill basin. By directing storm-water runoff from the city of Kolkata into these wetlands, water-logging and flooding issues related to the peak monsoon season are avoided in the city of Kolkata, as well as the surrounding Salt Lake and Newtown Rajarhat districts. The study aims to point out the importance of EKW in flood control through movement of storm-water, runoff and sewage water from the city of Kolkata. The paper also aims to highlight how unregulated peri-urban expansion and illegal infilling towards the wetlands is altering the urban hydrological setup of Kolkata and co-relate the relationship between disappearance of wetlands due to illegal infilling and incidences of recurrent flooding in Kolkata and its adjoining areas of Saltlake, Newtown and Rajarhat during the peak monsoon period. Hydromet data, yearly rainfall and flood data, drainage data, aquifer data pertaining to hydro-geological conditions of last five years will be analysed for further The study aims to analyse not only the hydrological impact but also the sociological impact of infilling of these wetlands wherein forcing the direct stakeholders to forcefully change their livelihood pattern leading to a silent death. Primary interviews will be conducted to understand the views of different stakeholders of East Kolkata Wetlands over the valuation of wetland, its response to such change and its impact on human-water resources relationship.