The new national system is oriented to the major strategic needs of the country and the people. It is an organizational model and operating mechanism under the leadership of the party where multiple entities are involved, comprehensively using government and market resource allocation methods and other resources to complete the set tasks. It is an important channel for transforming institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, and it is an organic unity of the value logic of collectivism, the logic of the socialist system, the historical logic of long-term practice, and the practical logic of both domestic and international concerns. The new national system is an adaptive transformation of the traditional national system for the new era. In terms of leadership and value orientation, the two are in the same. In terms of resource allocation, participants and external environment, the new national system has distinctive features of being market-oriented, diversified in nature and open. In the critical period when national competition is intensifying and the victory of national rejuvenation is in sight, we should adhere to orienting ourselves around demand and problems. We should actively explore ways to realize the new national system, especially in the fields of cutting-edge technology, people’s livelihoods, military-civilian integration, and emergency management. The positive role of the national system promotes the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.