Biosensors are analytical devices developed by integrating a biological molecule and a transducer system. The use of the biological molecule provides the advantage of gaining important properties such as selectivity etc. A wide variety of materials are used for immobilization of the biomolecule. The place and importance of nanomaterials among immobilization matrices are increasing day by day. By integrating nanotechnology with biosensors, nanobiosensing devices offer a paradigm advancement in disease monitoring and diagnosis. These devices are intended to detect and analyze biomolecules at the nanoscale, providing sensitivity and precision. Nanobiosensors are built by adding nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanofibers, etc., onto sensor platforms to improve their performance. These technologies are useful in disease diagnosis because they provide quick and exact detection of biomarkers linked with various medical disorders. The use of nanotechnology not only increases the sensitivity of these devices but also enables real-time monitoring, which provides crucial insights into illness development. Nanobiosensing devices have enormous promise in the field of healthcare for early and focused diagnosis detection, as well as more effective and individualized treatment options. Nowadays, the development of nanosensors using biosensing technology and nanomaterials is gaining great importance. These structures bring new opportunities to the analytical and diagnostic fields. These sensor systems become advantageous thanks to their advanced features in areas such as selectivity, sensitivity, robustness, and speed. Additionally, the use of nanomaterials to enhance signals in biosensors has still developed. The electrical conductivity and magnetic properties of nanomaterials are important features for the development pf biosensors. Nanomaterial-structured biosensor systems are developed with the help of transducers such as electrochemical and optical.