The demand for more efficient disease diagnosis and therapeutic methods has grown significantly in recent years. This is primarily due to the drawbacks and constraints associated with the current approaches used in healthcare. Traditional diagnostic techniques often require multiple tests and procedures, leading to delays in obtaining accurate results. This can be particularly problematic in cases such as cancer where early detection is crucial for effective treatment. The need for faster and more efficient diagnostic methods has therefore become a priority. Another constraint of current disease diagnosis methods is their invasiveness. Many diagnostic procedures involve invasive techniques such as biopsies or surgical interventions, which can be uncomfortable and carry risks of complications. The advancement of nanotechnology has brought about the development of novel nanomaterials with distinctive properties. Consequently, these materials are being increasingly utilized across different sectors, particularly in the realm of disease diagnosis and treatment. These scientists are dedicated to pushing the boundaries of medical research and technology in order to revolutionize the way we detect and treat diseases such as cancer. They recognize the limitations and drawbacks of invasive procedures and are determined to find alternative methods that are less invasive yet equally effective. Graphitic carbon nitride is a nanomaterial that has garnered significant attention from researchers because of its distinct characteristics. It exhibits excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, making it a promising candidate for various applications like biosensors developments, imaging, cancer diagnosis, and therapy. This chapter examines the analysis of the material, investigating its characteristics and application in different fields.