Worldwide problems, including increasing population, depletion of natural resources, and climate change, have led to a food crisis. Moreover, various diseases affecting livestock are impacting humans. Hence, the scientific community has been advised to adopt new and innovative approaches, and the use of bioinformatics in veterinary science is one such useful technique. In the current artificial intelligence (AI) era, several problems can be solved by decoding livestock systems using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatics is a vast subject that has applications in various fields, and the approach incorporating it with veterinary and animal science is called “vetinformatics.” It can help understand the complex molecular mechanisms in farm animals that in turn would aid in developing practices for caring, breeding, and disease management, leading to robust livestock productivity. This chapter seeks to introduce the concept behind vetinformatics, the related challenges and opportunities, and its applications in veterinary and animal sciences.