The break-up of a liquid fuel jet is mainly dependent upon the properties of the fuel, its injection velocity and the properties of gases surrounding the nozzle. The disintegration process depends upon surface tension at the liquid–gas interface, liquid density, the liquid's dynamic viscosity, and the nozzle hole diameter. Analysis of fuel jet breakup quality is based on breakup length, jet structure, droplet size, breakup frequency and spray angle. Based upon this qualitative and quantitative analysis, the suitability of different fuels in different applications is finalized. For this purpose, in the present work, nozzle system performance is assessed while considering tangible and intangible factors. A GTA-based model is developed that represents the fuel jet and its break-up process. The nodes and edges of the digraph represent interactions of the fuel jet parameters. Matrix representation is appropriate for considering factor interdependence. System complexity is no less than any other system, therefore, computational techniques are necessary for saving time and cost. A computer program in ‘R’ has been developed to solve the problem. Results are reasonably appropriate for comparing the quality of jet formation in different engineering systems. Based on the graph-based analysis findings, design recommendations or modifications are proposed for fuel injection systems to improve fuel jet break-up efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, and minimize emissions.