Plant extracts can be used to manufacture nanoparticles inexpensively and without harming the environment. The primary determinants of the effects of nanoparticles made from green materials are their dosage and the specific characteristics of both the nanoparticles and the plant species involved. The potential impact of chemically synthesized nanoparticles on plants is a subject of considerable scientific interest. It has been observed that these nanoparticles may exert profoundly adverse impacts on plant physiology and growth. Silver nanoparticle exposure resulted in growth and reproductive toxicity in plants because of the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by silver nanoparticles or Ag+ released from silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticle exposure would affect crop productivity and quality over the whole growing cycle, which could pose a danger to food security. In the context of phytotoxicity, it was observed that the chemically synthesized nanoparticles exhibited an ability to enhance the production of ROS within plants. This, in turn, triggered the activation of the plants antioxidant defence systems. Consequently, there was an observed increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and zinc content, while the antioxidant capacity, carotenoid levels, globulin levels, and molybdenum content experienced a decline. In contrast, it was observed that the utilization of green synthesis techniques for the production of silver nanoparticles resulted in an augmentation of protein contents. Furthermore, the application of green synthesized nanoparticles was found to induce an increase in Mn levels and a decrease in Al levels, thereby eliciting a series of favourable outcomes. Green synthesized nanoparticles, conversely, have exhibited some favourable rather than detrimental effects on plants. The comparative analysis revealed that nanoparticles synthesized through green methods exhibited enhanced biocompatibility and environmental friendliness towards plants when compared to their chemically synthesized counterparts. This observation may be attributed to the potential interaction between amino acids, sugars, organic acids, or fatty acids and the nanoparticle surface, resulting in a more favourable outcome. Overall, green synthesized silver nanoparticles showed long-term antimicrobial capabilities and reduced plant toxicity compared to chemically synthesized nanoparticles, making them ideal nano pesticides or nanoscale growth regulators in agriculture.