Endophytic fungi are microbes that colonize the internal tissues of plants. They produce a wide spectrum of gaseous volatile organic compounds with diverse physicochemical, biotechnological, antimicrobial, and plant growth-promoting properties. These compounds are useful in pharmacological, agricultural, and industrial sectors and include terpenes, alkaloids, quinones, cyclohexanes, and hydrocarbons. Many exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that promote plant growth. This review discusses volatile organic compounds from endophytic fungi and their potential role in plant growth promotion and biological control.