Aiming at the optimal arrangement of pressure monitoring points in urban water supply network, with the goal of maximizing the monitoring range, an optimal arrangement model of monitoring points is constructed, considering the pressure correlation, node flow sensitivity and the effectiveness of the water flow path in the pipe network. Taking an urban water supply pipe network in East China as an example, the model is solved by three kinds of population intelligent algorithms: Krill Harvesting Algorithm (KHA), Bat Algorithm (BA), and Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO). The optimization results of the three algorithms are compared in various aspects, and it is found that the KHA algorithm shows the most excellent search accuracy and efficiency in the problem of optimal arrangement of monitoring points, because of the strong global optimization ability and not easy to fall into local optimal solutions.