In this study, an examination of the impact of uncertain factors on the seismic response of high CFRDs is conducted within the framework of stochastic dynamics. A comprehensive performance-based seismic safety evaluation framework is delineated. The investigation encompasses the stochastic nature of ground motion during seismic events, the inherent uncertainties associated with material parameters, and the interconnected randomness inherent in both ground motion and material parameters. The study proceeds by systematically addressing these uncertainties. A stochastic ground motion model, predicated upon the seismic specification spectrum of hydraulic engineering, is meticulously formulated.