Osteoporosis, a widespread disorder marked by weakened bone integrity and amplified susceptibility to fractures, presents a substantial worldwide health concern. This survey paper targets to provide an encompassing overview of the many diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches employed in the management of osteoporosis. The diagnostic methods cover a range of imaging modalities, including X-ray, tomography, high-resolution tomography. Additionally bone score and MRI techniques are also explored for bone assessment. The discussion includes their strengths, limitations, and potential applications in clinical practice. The therapeutic section examines pharmacological interventions, detailing their mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy. Non-pharmacological interventions like exercise, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications are also highlighted for their role in improving bone health and preventing fractures. This survey paper explores personalized medicine by talking about tools that help identify people at a greater risk of fractures from osteoporosis, using risk assessment and predictive models. The utilization of biomarkers and genetic markers helps to enhance early detection and the individual treatment strategies to be followed. In conclusion, this survey synthesizes a diverse array of diagnostic and therapeutic methods for managing osteoporosis. By providing insights into the strengths and limitations of each approach, it aims to facilitate informed decision-making among healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients, ultimately contributing to more effective osteoporosis management and fracture prevention strategies.