Tangible and Intangible
摘要
Tangible and intangible pair together as abstract and general categories in philosophy. A wide range of artistic forms, be it poetry, literature, painting, sculpture or other areas of art, eventually deal with the relationship between the actual and the ethereal. The definition of such a pair is ambiguous, sometimes referring to the artistic techniques, sometimes to the accomplishment of artistic conception and sometimes as artistic style. For this reason, the treatment of this relationship often causes arguments among the theorists of literature and art. Shen Fu in his Six Records of a Floating Life talked about the craft of garden design, writing: “In laying out gardens, pavilions, wandering paths, small mountains of stone, and flower plantings, try to give the feeling of the small in the large and the large in the small, of the real in the illusion, and of the illusion in the reality. Some things should be hidden and some should be obvious, some prominent and some vague. Arranging a proper garden is not just a matter of setting out winding paths in a broad area with many rocks…”. According to this passage, what is real and what is an illusion in garden-making seems to be using contrasting techniques interlinked with other similar pairs of sparseness and density, concealment and revelation, and the deep and the shallow.