Structural health monitoring (SHM) is the process of constantly or regularly monitoring the state of a structure, such as a building, bridge, or machine, using sensors and other instruments. SHM aims to identify any changes or damage to the structure over time and evaluate the health or condition of the structure. SHM ensures the safety and dependability of the structure and identifies possible problems before they become significant. SHM utilizes several sensing technologies, including strain gauges, accelerometers, and temperature sensors, to monitor vibration, strain, and temperature characteristics. Using Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) sensors, this study attempted to develop a general system by employing a global vibration approach to a damaged one-dimensional structure. The experiment is performed on a steel beam specimen that has been set up in such a way that it is possible to create repeatable damage scenarios. These piezoelectric sensors are linked and affixed to a beam's top and bottom surface to evaluate the curvature mode shapes (damaged and undamaged). Single hit (Impact at one place, sensor at a different location) and multiple hit (multiple impacts, one sensor) approaches were used to detect damage location by comparing the mode shapes. A MATLAB programme has been developed to verify the results of the study. From the result, it is concluded that for getting better mode shape single hit approach was better, whereas for detecting damage location multiple hit approach was proved to be better.