Disability and Socio-Legal Justice in Indian Cinema
摘要
The paper discusses the trajectory of Hindi language feature films in India on disabilities. It argues that it is not a linear trajectory from simple and problematic to more nuanced and sensitive depictions of disabilities. The paper traces the relationship between disability legislations in India and whether they had any bearing on the films over the decades. The disability rights movements in India influenced legislative changes in disability laws which shifted from a medical model to a social model of disability. However, the world of films remained far removed from these social and legal struggles for justice, inclusion, dignity, and rights. Sensitive depiction on disability in films was more a result of individual filmmakers’ interest in the subject rather than a collective interest in disability as social justice by the filmmaking community. The first part of the paper starts with a brief overview of major national legislations on disability and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The next part of the paper discusses Hindi films on disabilities over decades and whether they had a rights-based approach to the films. The last part looks at new kinds of disabilities, which has caught the imagination of filmmakers and ends with instances of one film and one series on OTT platforms.