Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a developing and geographically spreading flavivirus, is the primary driver of encephalitis in humans across Asia. A growing percentage of individuals are fretting over vector-free routes for propagating the flavivirus, specifically transplacental and sexual transmissions, which might impact the epidemiology of the disease and widen its geographic reach to regions devoid of insect vectors. Clinical effects of JEV transplacental infection have been observed in both humans and pigs; cellular targets of upper reproductive tract and tissue tropism are yet unknown. However, it is unclear whether JEV may have the capacity for sexual transmission in humans and a preference for the female lower reproductive tract. In this chapter, we have discussed some of the instances of Japanese encephalitis virus being transmitted transplacentally. Additionally, how JEV infection may impact the developing foetus as well as their diagnosis and prevention are discussed.