The traditional knowledge of the tribe is an invaluable resource of vernacular art, craft, and design. Representative of established values and beliefs, it is an outcome of survival habits and wisdom carried through generations. Home to world’s second largest tribal population, India patrons a rich repository of vernacular architecture and their construction techniques. Inhabiting south-eastern districts of the state of Gujarat, Dhodia community is the third largest tribal group in the state. Progenies to milieu of Gujarat and Maharashtra natives, these agrarian settlers have an evolved lifestyle, beliefs, customs, and rituals. Their built form and spatial settlements, response to environmental conditions, and indigenous material usage are sustainable and exemplary. The mud craft practised for generations by the womenfolk of this community is unique to their culture and responds to their lived spaces. With the growing homogeneity of architecture around the world, the perpetuation of this craft is endangered. The methodology for research consists of observation of tribals’ routine and daily activities, photographic surveys of spaces of dwelling, interviews with people of the community, and documentation of construction techniques and mud craft finishes. The study time on site also overlapped with their celebratory rituals of harvest season. Thematic analysis on definition of culture by Kroeber and Kluckhohn and Rapoport on the significant role of sociocultural factors and its influence on the built environments is examined. The literature study ascertains the craft culture in contextualization within vernacular architecture. The study concludes that the understanding of Dhodia tribal narratives is represented through behavioural and cultural principles in the vernacular dwellings and their building crafts. Besides the language of architectural expression, the functional craft application is a reasoned and characterized. The work is an attempt in safeguarding the relevance of this valuable built culture.

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Cultural Perspectives in Architectural Studies: Understanding of Mud Craft Technique in Vernacular Dwellings of Dhodia Community, Gujarat

  • Supriya Kukreja

摘要

The traditional knowledge of the tribe is an invaluable resource of vernacular art, craft, and design. Representative of established values and beliefs, it is an outcome of survival habits and wisdom carried through generations. Home to world’s second largest tribal population, India patrons a rich repository of vernacular architecture and their construction techniques. Inhabiting south-eastern districts of the state of Gujarat, Dhodia community is the third largest tribal group in the state. Progenies to milieu of Gujarat and Maharashtra natives, these agrarian settlers have an evolved lifestyle, beliefs, customs, and rituals. Their built form and spatial settlements, response to environmental conditions, and indigenous material usage are sustainable and exemplary. The mud craft practised for generations by the womenfolk of this community is unique to their culture and responds to their lived spaces. With the growing homogeneity of architecture around the world, the perpetuation of this craft is endangered. The methodology for research consists of observation of tribals’ routine and daily activities, photographic surveys of spaces of dwelling, interviews with people of the community, and documentation of construction techniques and mud craft finishes. The study time on site also overlapped with their celebratory rituals of harvest season. Thematic analysis on definition of culture by Kroeber and Kluckhohn and Rapoport on the significant role of sociocultural factors and its influence on the built environments is examined. The literature study ascertains the craft culture in contextualization within vernacular architecture. The study concludes that the understanding of Dhodia tribal narratives is represented through behavioural and cultural principles in the vernacular dwellings and their building crafts. Besides the language of architectural expression, the functional craft application is a reasoned and characterized. The work is an attempt in safeguarding the relevance of this valuable built culture.