According to the division of disciplines, government behavior is not the research focus of Sociology. Sociology originated in Europe as an academic discipline and prospered in North America, so its subjects of study involve all aspects of “society” in Western countries. Sociologists usually regard the state and government as the “background” of their social research and even as an object of criticism. Thanks to the development of Chinese Sociology in the past 40 years, as well as China’s economic and social development, government behavior became a subject of study under the discipline and then developed into an important research focus. This paper first systematically explores the sociological research results since the reform and opening-up era to examine how government behavior has attracted the attention of sociologists and gradually become their object of research. Then, this paper summarizes the research methods and paradigms these sociologists have used. It also analyzes how these methods and paradigms have changed, trying to find some inspiring experiences in the developing disciplines. In general, sociologists have applied three methods in analyzing government behavior, which are discussed separately below.