The asphalt–concrete layer, often referred to as asphaltic concrete, is a composite material commonly used in road construction and other areas requiring robust, durable surfaces. This layer consists of asphalt (bitumen) used as a binder and a composite of mineral aggregates such as sand, gravel, and crushed rock. The primary function of the asphalt–concrete layer is to provide a smooth, durable surface that can resist the stresses imposed by traffic and environmental conditions. The layer’s composition is designed to optimize properties such as flexibility, durability, and resistance to deformation under load, making it an ideal choice for both new constructions and repair work on existing pavements.