Thermal conductivity is a measure of a material’s ability to conduct heat. In the context of cement and concrete, this property determines how heat flows through the material, impacting everything from curing processes to the structural integrity and energy efficiency of buildings. Concrete generally has moderate thermal conductivity, which can be influenced by its composition—such as the type of aggregates used, the presence of admixtures, and the overall density of the material. The mechanism of heat transfer in concrete is primarily through the solid matrix and the embedded aggregates, but pores and microcracks can also play significant roles by introducing spaces filled with air, which has low thermal conductivity.