Aggregate, composed of various materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, or recycled concrete, constitutes a significant portion of concrete, typically up to 60–80% by volume. It provides structural stability, reduces shrinkage, and influences the durability and resilience of concrete. The choice of aggregate is crucial in determining concrete’s performance, particularly under severe environmental conditions such as extreme temperatures, chemical exposure, and mechanical stress. Aggregate characteristics like size, shape, texture, and mineral composition directly affect the workability, strength, and weather resistance of the concrete mix.