Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) is a common natural mineral used extensively in cement and concrete as a supplementary material. In cement manufacturing, CaCO 3 is heated to form lime (CaO), which then reacts with silica to produce the main ingredients of cement such as tricalcium silicate. In concrete, CaCO 3 is often used as a filler or as an aggregate, which can directly influence the mechanical properties and durability of the concrete. The incorporation of CaCO 3 in cement and concrete also helps in sequestering carbon dioxide, thus partially reducing the carbon footprint of cement production.