The emergence and reemergence of viral infectious diseases pose substantial threats to global health and societal stability. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and prompt treatment are paramount in controlling viral infections and reducing mortality rates. For primary care, an ideal detection method should combine high sensitivity, specificity, and reliability, delivering clear and interpretable results through simple, rapid procedures without the need for complex instrumentation. Given the challenges posed by the complexity of clinical samples and the ultralow concentrations of target viruses, particularly in early-stage infections, detection technologies must adhere to rigorous standards for accuracy, stability, and sensitivity. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of AIE bioprobe applications in viral immunoassays. Based on target detection within immunoassays, we systematically analyze progress in detecting viral infection-induced antibodies, viral antigens, and intact viral particles. Although research on AIE bioprobes in viral immunoassays is still relatively limited, the existing studies demonstrate that AIE-based immunoassays offer exceptional sensitivity and accuracy. These findings provide new tools and strategies for the development of highly sensitive viral detection kits, presenting promising prospects for future applications.