Social pharmacy is an interdisciplinary field that explores the role of pharmacists in promoting health and preventing illness within communities. It integrates principles from public health, sociology, and behavioral sciences to understand how pharmacy services contribute to healthcare systems. This chapter examines key aspects of social pharmacy, including its theoretical foundations, the impact of social determinants of health, and the role of pharmacists in patient care, health education, and public health initiatives. A central theme of this discussion is the pharmacist-patient relationship, which extends beyond medication dispensing to encompass counseling, adherence support, and community health advocacy. Social and economic factors, cultural influences, and healthcare access disparities significantly affect medication use and health outcomes. Understanding these determinants allows pharmacists to implement targeted interventions, such as health promotion campaigns and chronic disease management programs. Technological advancements are also remaking social pharmacy, with digital health tools, telepharmacy, and artificial intelligence enhancing patient monitoring and medication adherence. Moreover, pharmacists are increasingly involved in multidisciplinary healthcare teams, contributing to preventive care strategies and personalized medicine. Through global and Vietnam-specific case studies, this chapter highlights successful social pharmacy initiatives, including community-based healthcare programs, vaccination efforts, and harm reduction services. These examples illustrate the expanding role of pharmacists in public health and the potential for further integration into healthcare systems. Despite its growing impact, social pharmacy faces challenges, including regulatory limitations, workforce constraints, and ethical considerations. Addressing these barriers requires policy support, continued research, and expanded pharmacist training in health promotion and disease prevention. The future of social pharmacy lies in strengthening its role in patient-centered care, optimizing technology, and fostering collaboration across healthcare sectors to enhance public health outcomes.