This book utilizes data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), along with provincial-level macro panel data. Through various poverty measurement methods, it conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of educational level, educational attainment, educational type, as well as the implementation of the Compulsory Education Law and the college enrollment expansion policy, on rural poverty. This is done using spatial lag model (SAR) analysis, spatial error model (SEM) analysis, Logit model analysis, difference-in-differences method, and regression discontinuity design method. In the empirical investigation, rural poverty is further subdivided into income poverty, long-term income poverty, and multidimensional poverty. The study first provides an empirical analysis of the impact of educational level on rural household income poverty, long-term income poverty, and multidimensional poverty from both macro and micro perspectives, using spatial econometric methods and the Logit model.