Surgical Hip Dislocation Using a Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy
摘要
Ever since its description by Prof. Reinhold Ganz, anterior hip dislocation using a trochanteric flip osteotomy has become a popular approach to perform surgical hip dislocation in a safe manner without affecting the femoral head vascularity. The surgical approach, often referred to as safe surgical dislocation (SSD), has been successfully used to treat a variety of traumatic and non-traumatic intra-articular hip pathologies in pediatric and adult population over the past two decades. Several studies have reported on the approach and its use in treating different types of femoral head fractures. The approach is extensile, does not cause significant interference with the major arterial supply of the femoral head, and provides circumferential exposure of the femoral head, acetabular cavity, and the hip labrum. This helps the surgeon to surgically treat not only fractures of the femoral head but also associated injuries to the larum, acetabular posterior wall and column, and the femoral neck through the same approach. SSD provides the best possible exposure of the femoral head compared to other anterior surgical approaches with comparable functional results. Though femoral head fracture dislocations have an inherent risk of femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN), the surgical approach does not increase the incidence of AVN as confirmed by previously published reports. The most common complication reported with the approach is heterotopic ossification. Other complications include trochanteric osteotomy nonunion and lateral thigh pain.