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Numerical simulations are used to show the response of a shock-induced separation bubble to stochastic forcing. The forcing is applied in space and time such that it excites all possible response modes for a given computational domain. It is shown how oblique-mode shear layer instability is captured as well as low-frequency breathing of a shock-induced separation bubble. In addition, both Mack and radiating acoustic modes are identified. A study of the effect of amplitude shows that the low-frequency breathing changes from a linear to a quadratically nonlinear response as the amplitude is increased.

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Linear and Nonlinear Response of High-Speed Boundary Layers to Continuous Stochastic Forcing

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Neil D. Sandham,
  • Pushpender K. Sharma,
  • David J. Lusher

摘要

Numerical simulations are used to show the response of a shock-induced separation bubble to stochastic forcing. The forcing is applied in space and time such that it excites all possible response modes for a given computational domain. It is shown how oblique-mode shear layer instability is captured as well as low-frequency breathing of a shock-induced separation bubble. In addition, both Mack and radiating acoustic modes are identified. A study of the effect of amplitude shows that the low-frequency breathing changes from a linear to a quadratically nonlinear response as the amplitude is increased.