Building on the discussions of previous chapters, this chapter introduces the Glasshouse with Sticky Floor model—an integrative conceptual framework developed through rigorous analysis of primary data and a comprehensive review of relevant theoretical and empirical literature. The model offers a multi-level perspective on the systemic and structural barriers that hinder the professional integration of skilled, racialized immigrants in the Canadian labour market. The model identifies four interconnected layers of exclusion—glass border, glass gate, glass door, and glass ceiling—each shaped by the intersections of race, gender, and immigration status. These barriers operate across macro-level forces, such as global neoliberal restructuring; mezzo-level factors, including institutional practices and organizational cultures that devalue non-Western credentials; and micro-level dynamics, such as implicit biases in everyday interactions. This multi-level interplay forms a complex web of exclusion hindering the integration of skilled, racialized immigrants in the Canadian labour market. Central to the model is the phenomenon of deskilling, wherein skilled immigrants are systematically placed in positions that fail to reflect their qualifications and expertise. This leads to professional stagnation, downward mobility, adverse psychological effects, and a diminished quality of life. The chapter highlights the inadequacy of existing systems in addressing these layered challenges and calls for transformative policy reforms, improved pre- and post-arrival support systems, and the strengthening of social and professional networks to enhance employment outcomes. Finally, the Glasshouse with Sticky Floor model illuminates the deeply entrenched barriers within Canada’s labour market and offers a foundation for more inclusive and equitable strategies to support the integration of skilled, racialized immigrants.

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Understanding Skilled Immigrants Through the Glasshouse Model

  • Karun Kishor Karki

摘要

Building on the discussions of previous chapters, this chapter introduces the Glasshouse with Sticky Floor model—an integrative conceptual framework developed through rigorous analysis of primary data and a comprehensive review of relevant theoretical and empirical literature. The model offers a multi-level perspective on the systemic and structural barriers that hinder the professional integration of skilled, racialized immigrants in the Canadian labour market. The model identifies four interconnected layers of exclusion—glass border, glass gate, glass door, and glass ceiling—each shaped by the intersections of race, gender, and immigration status. These barriers operate across macro-level forces, such as global neoliberal restructuring; mezzo-level factors, including institutional practices and organizational cultures that devalue non-Western credentials; and micro-level dynamics, such as implicit biases in everyday interactions. This multi-level interplay forms a complex web of exclusion hindering the integration of skilled, racialized immigrants in the Canadian labour market. Central to the model is the phenomenon of deskilling, wherein skilled immigrants are systematically placed in positions that fail to reflect their qualifications and expertise. This leads to professional stagnation, downward mobility, adverse psychological effects, and a diminished quality of life. The chapter highlights the inadequacy of existing systems in addressing these layered challenges and calls for transformative policy reforms, improved pre- and post-arrival support systems, and the strengthening of social and professional networks to enhance employment outcomes. Finally, the Glasshouse with Sticky Floor model illuminates the deeply entrenched barriers within Canada’s labour market and offers a foundation for more inclusive and equitable strategies to support the integration of skilled, racialized immigrants.