This chapter examines the connections between conservation biogeography and the social sciences and the extent to which these connections produce change in the form of conservation and resource management. The chapter covers the main social sciences, namely sociology, psychology, economics, political science, human geography, and anthropology, as well as related, more applied studies such as cultural studies and environmental studies. All of these disciplines are assessed in terms of their history, development, methods, and applications, as well as in terms of their interdisciplinary connections to conservation biogeography. It is concluded that all the social sciences have had an impact on conservation biogeography and that the social sciences are increasingly complementing or even replacing the contribution of the natural sciences, particularly when it comes to the conservation of wildlife, natural habitats, and heavily exploited ecosystems. This reflects a shift accompanying the increasing recognition of human impacts on the environment and contributes to speculation and predictions about the future of social and economic geography and conservation biogeography.