Design of Low Power, Low Input Offset Op-Amp Used in Bandgap Reference Circuit for IoT Application
摘要
CMOS Operational Amplifiers are significantly employed in IoT systems due to their reliable performance at low input voltages. This research is focused on the design of low-offset Op-Amp for bandgap reference circuits in enhancing the accuracy, stability, and efficiency of IoT devices. IoT systems typically operate at low voltages, making them highly susceptible to even minor offset errors that can degrade precision in critical applications such as sensing and data processing. This research work highlights the importance of low-offset Op-Amp design in reducing power consumption, which is crucial for the longevity of battery-powered IoT devices. A novel operational amplifier architecture is proposed, integrating differential amplifier in the initial stage, coupled with a compensating circuit and a high-gain stage to enhance performance. The Op-Amp is design and simulations are verified using 180 nm technology, the simulations are carried out for the supply voltage of 1.8 V ± 10% and operating temperature of −40 to 85 ℃. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to verify 3 sigma variation of input offset voltage for process mismatch and temperature variation. The designed Op-Amp circuit achieved a maximum gain of 88.53 dB with a phase margin of 81.16°, PSRR of −42.71 dB at 100kHZ, and maximum current of 5.02µA, also Monte Carlo results for input offset voltage shows 3-Sigma of less than 200 µV which helps BGR to achieve high accuracy.