The chapter examines the rights based discourse for people with disabilities and its intersections of public policy, law and psychological science, in light of the Rights of People with Disabilities Act, 2016. First section discusses the world-views of ableism and models of disability, the direct implications of which are seen in the personal, interpersonal and public sphere. Next, the Rights of People with Disabilities Act, 2016 is described in brief, along with a discussion of the RPWD Act, 2016 and the MH Act, 2017. In the second section, data and related questions about data and evidence based policy are discussed. The chapter then introduces several public institutions and their roles in the implementation of the law. The third section identifies key concepts and research in psychology to move away from a deficit and welfare based to a strengths and rights based discourse. The final section reviews the applied implications for professionals in psychology and public policy.