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Reactive species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS), are highly reactive molecules essential for cellular metabolism. Reactive species are essential for normal cellular function, but when their levels become disrupted, it can result in oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage. In this review, we examine the intricate functions of reactive species in cellular metabolism, emphasizing their role in signaling pathways and the progression of diseases. This chapter examines the processes that regulate the formation and elimination of reactive molecules, along with their interplay with essential cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Additionally, we examine the effects of reactive species on various significant health issues, such as cancers, neurological conditions, and cardiovascular disease. We also explore the therapeutic possibilities of focusing on reactive species for the treatment and prevention of diseases.

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Elucidating the Impact of Reactive Molecules on Cell Signaling Networks to Illuminate Their Contribution to the Etiology and Progression of Human Diseases

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Harsath Ram Govindan Radha Krishnan,
  • Pandian Chithamparam,
  • Azhaguchamy Muthukumaran

摘要

Reactive species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS), are highly reactive molecules essential for cellular metabolism. Reactive species are essential for normal cellular function, but when their levels become disrupted, it can result in oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage. In this review, we examine the intricate functions of reactive species in cellular metabolism, emphasizing their role in signaling pathways and the progression of diseases. This chapter examines the processes that regulate the formation and elimination of reactive molecules, along with their interplay with essential cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Additionally, we examine the effects of reactive species on various significant health issues, such as cancers, neurological conditions, and cardiovascular disease. We also explore the therapeutic possibilities of focusing on reactive species for the treatment and prevention of diseases.