Active filters are widely used in communication, audio processing, biomedical systems, instrumentation, etc. In this paper, switched capacitor based active first-order and second-order low-pass filters and high-pass filters are designed and implemented. An operational amplifier is used here as an active gain element. A switched capacitor implements the function of a resistor with two Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)-based switches and one capacitor. Switched capacitors are very effective in replacing physical resistors as they occupy very small area in integrated circuits as compared to the area occupied by the resistors. All simulations in this work were performed in LTSpice XVII. All the proposed filters give excellent frequency response characteristics. The simulated and theoretical cut-off frequencies are found to be close to each other. Also, the transition rates for all filters are found to be close to theoretical values. The proposed configuration offers tenability also. The application of the proposed low-pass filter in filtering neonatal electrocardiogram signal is also demonstrated.

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Design and Simulation of Switched-Capacitor-Based Tunable Active Filters for Application in Neonatal Electrocardiogram

  • Subhasish Banerjee,
  • Kalyan Biswas,
  • Sushmita Bandyopadhyay,
  • Joydeep Banerjee

摘要

Active filters are widely used in communication, audio processing, biomedical systems, instrumentation, etc. In this paper, switched capacitor based active first-order and second-order low-pass filters and high-pass filters are designed and implemented. An operational amplifier is used here as an active gain element. A switched capacitor implements the function of a resistor with two Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)-based switches and one capacitor. Switched capacitors are very effective in replacing physical resistors as they occupy very small area in integrated circuits as compared to the area occupied by the resistors. All simulations in this work were performed in LTSpice XVII. All the proposed filters give excellent frequency response characteristics. The simulated and theoretical cut-off frequencies are found to be close to each other. Also, the transition rates for all filters are found to be close to theoretical values. The proposed configuration offers tenability also. The application of the proposed low-pass filter in filtering neonatal electrocardiogram signal is also demonstrated.