Asian migrants play a major role in the economic development of their home countries and host nations alike, with their remittances providing major sources of national income in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and the Philippines. These migrants are a formidable workforce in global markets, particularly in economically important areas such as the Gulf region. The contribution of Asian workers to economic development is noticeable in the Gulf countries, where they fill a significant demand for unskilled, cheap labour in major sectors such as construction, manufacturing, agriculture, tourism, and the services. However, the vital influence of this workforce on economic development has been threatened by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019. In that context, this study aims to provide an assessment of the economic impact of COVID-19 on Asian migrants in the Gulf countries, with specific reference to the Sultanate of Oman. While using secondary data collected from the National Center for Statistics and Information to determine the demographic structure of Asian migrants in Oman, we apply a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to collect primary data on how COVID-19 has impacted the size and participation of these workers in key industries, where they represent the largest workforce. The research also uses a survey and semi-structured interviews to examine the extent to which the pandemic has affected the job security, salaries, and health and safety of migrant workers, particularly those infected by the virus or affected by the closure of their companies. The findings of the study will help in measuring the demographic changes in the Asian communities, in determining their percentage compared to the nationals in the total workforce in the public and the private sectors, and in evaluating the effect of the pandemic on their productivity, remittances, and their decision to stay in the region or return to their home countries.