A vortex generator (VG) is an aerodynamic device comprised of a small vane attached to a lifting surface like airfoil, aircraft wing, wind turbine blade, etc. The VGs are broadly classified as active and passive device based on the utilization of external energy. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pivotal role played by vane-type vortex generators in enhancing aerodynamic performance across a range of airfoil designs and practical applications. VGs have proven to be effective tools in mitigating adverse pressure gradients and boundary layer separation, with various studies highlighting their impact on lift coefficients, stall angles, and drag reduction. In conclusion, vane-type VGs are essential tools in boundary layer control, with the potential to significantly improve aerodynamic performance of various airfoils, aircraft wings, wind turbine rotor, etc. In addition, this paper discusses the diverse VG designs and configurations explored in recent researches and shedding light on their varying influences on airfoil performance. The applications of various vane-type VGs such as triangular, rectangular, and gothic, in the modern aircrafts are summarized. It was concluded that the future research will be focused on the combined use of the active and the passive VGs in the upcoming generation of high-performance aircrafts and unmanned aerial vehicles.