Escalating human population combined with urbanization and industrialization has led to development across a number of industries, which has detrimental consequences impact on the environment. One approach to address the issues through the integration of nanotechnology into numerous industries is the employment of nanomaterials to develop diverse technologies for applications in sustainable agriculture. The word “biopolymers” states to materials that are made artificially as of naturally occurring sources, including bacteria, plants, and animals. As a consequence, owing to their many uses and favourable effects on the environment, biopolymers have grown to be a highly valued substitute. Furthermore, the use of functional or active biopolymers has developed over the past ten years into smart biopolymers, which may transmit real-time data to a variety of applications. A nanomembrane is an isolated structure that ranges from 1 to 100 nm in addition has significantly more lateral dimensions. Some of the fabrication methods for nanomembranes that are used in different industries to produce nanofibers and nanomembranes based biopolymers are addressed in this chapter. Biopolymers based nanomembranes unique non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and environmentally favourable qualities are enabling them to be used in a wider range of fields including biomedicine, bioengineering, farming, pharmaceuticals, food packaging, and ecology. Other environmental applications include biosensors, filter membranes, and wastewater treatment. Considering environmental and waste management issues are becoming more broadly accepted, to hand is a crucial necessity for biodegradable polymers and bio-based method systems. The aim of this subject is to deliver an overview of the potential benefits of biopolymers based nanomembranes in unique and novel applications.