The increasing incidents of data loss and leakage in cloud computing have raised significant concerns about data security. As cloud data is stored on remote servers and accessible from anywhere, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and protection against malicious attacks has become imperative. This paper gives a detailed survey of a set of enhanced hybrid data security algorithms, like symmetric (AES), asymmetric (ECC), and hashing (SHA-1) techniques, to safeguard cloud data. These methods significantly lessen computational overhead while maintaining robust data protection. They enhance cloud and big data security, providing a reliable and efficient framework for safeguarding sensitive information. Unlike traditional methods that rely on single-key encryption, the Hybrid approach uses separate keys for encryption and decryption, improving resilience against attacks.