The technology advancement has contributing huge resources for the development of smart cities. The Internet of Things (IoT)-based appliances are rising rapidly for its vast benefits. The edge computing stores the data transmitted by the IoT devices and also provides the security to the stored data. The IoT data is transmitted to the edged computing for the data storage and security that maintains the privacy of the users. The existing methods tried to improve the data transmission security but did not reach the expected outcome because they fail to resist for multiple vulnerable attacks in the network. To solve the existing problem the Active Fitness-based Al-Biruni Earth Radius (AFBER) optimization model is proposed to improve the security by prioritizing the edge computing tasks. The performance of the developed AFBER model is evaluated in terms of throughput and energy consumption. The incorporation of active fitness in the Al-Biruni Earth Radius (BER) method has advanced searching ability of the model for identifying the solution for data transmission. The AFBER methods has gained higher throughput of 46.52 Kbps and minimal energy consumption of 0.09 J for 25 number of nodes compared to the existing Intelligent Buffalo-based Secure Edge-enabled Computing (IB-SEC) algorithm.