Achieving global sustainability requires transitioning to low-carbon energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The transportation sector, responsible for over one-third of CO2 emissions from end-use sectors, plays a pivotal role in this transition. Hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) offer a promising solution by providing zero-emission alternatives, especially for long-distance and heavy-load transportation. When powered by green hydrogen produced via renewable energy sources, FCEVs enable a clean energy cycle, aligning with the IEA’s Net Zero Scenario targets. However, several challenges hinder widespread adoption, including high hydrogen production costs, underdeveloped refuelling infrastructure, and significant investment requirements. The interdependence between FCEVs and hydrogen refuelling stations (HRFs) is critical, as the expansion of infrastructure fosters greater adoption of hydrogen-fuelled transportation. This chapter examines the current state of FCEVs and HRFs globally, with an emphasis on hydrogen production costs, retail prices, and infrastructure challenges. A case study evaluates the economic feasibility of HRFs powered by hybrid renewable energy systems in regions with high wind and solar potential. Results highlight significant regional variations in hydrogen production costs, underscoring the importance of location and technology selection. Despite challenges, the development of cost-effective hydrogen infrastructure and renewable energy integration can accelerate the global transition to sustainable transportation. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and investors to optimise project costs and promote hydrogen technologies as a cornerstone of a fossil fuel-free transportation future.