One significant example of a non-equilibrium phase transition is lane formation. Numerous physical systems can spontaneously display a wide variety of pattern formation when they are forced out of equilibrium. The study of the intricate dynamical behavior of these patterns presents a fascinating and challenging area of research. Pair-Ion Plasma (PIP) is an intriguing state with unique properties, resulting in distinct thermodynamical behavior due to oppositely charged ion species of same mass. Our study uses Langevin Dynamics (LD) simulations to analyze the effect of magnetic fields on lane formation and to understand the frequencies generated by such plasma system in presence of time-varying electric forcing. The current study investigates the formation of tilted lanes in PIP particles driven non-parallely, revealing that the addition of an external magnetic field alters the orientation and introduces a twisting effect of the plane of lanes. A relation is obtained to quantitatively define the tilt in presence of both electric and magnetic field. Furthermore, in presence of time-varying non-parallel electric forces, spontaneous lane formation and breaking is observed. Specifically, three different cases are studied. It is observed that the frequency of formation and breaking of lanes differ for all three cases. An attempt is made to understand these system generated frequencies. The study reveals that higher the rate of change of orientation of lanes, higher will be the frequency of formation and breaking of lanes.

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Lane Formation in 3D Pair-Ion Plasmas: Effect of Magnetic Field and Time-Varying Nature of Non-parallel Electric Field

  • Vishal Kumar Prajapati,
  • Swati Baruah,
  • Rajaraman Ganesh

摘要

One significant example of a non-equilibrium phase transition is lane formation. Numerous physical systems can spontaneously display a wide variety of pattern formation when they are forced out of equilibrium. The study of the intricate dynamical behavior of these patterns presents a fascinating and challenging area of research. Pair-Ion Plasma (PIP) is an intriguing state with unique properties, resulting in distinct thermodynamical behavior due to oppositely charged ion species of same mass. Our study uses Langevin Dynamics (LD) simulations to analyze the effect of magnetic fields on lane formation and to understand the frequencies generated by such plasma system in presence of time-varying electric forcing. The current study investigates the formation of tilted lanes in PIP particles driven non-parallely, revealing that the addition of an external magnetic field alters the orientation and introduces a twisting effect of the plane of lanes. A relation is obtained to quantitatively define the tilt in presence of both electric and magnetic field. Furthermore, in presence of time-varying non-parallel electric forces, spontaneous lane formation and breaking is observed. Specifically, three different cases are studied. It is observed that the frequency of formation and breaking of lanes differ for all three cases. An attempt is made to understand these system generated frequencies. The study reveals that higher the rate of change of orientation of lanes, higher will be the frequency of formation and breaking of lanes.