This work is devoted to the study of the thermal properties of snow cover, in particular its thermal conductivity, which plays a key role in understanding the heat exchange between the atmosphere, snow cover and soil. Snow cover represents an important part of the Earth's cryosphere and is subject to significant variations depending on climatic conditions and other factors such as wind, humidity and solar radiation. These variations affect the physical properties and structure of snow, which requires a thorough understanding of the heat and mass transfer processes within the snow thickness. A series of experiments analysed the temperature distribution in snow using modern measurement techniques. The results confirmed the complexity of the heat transfer process through snow and the need for additional research to more accurately determine the effective thermal conductivity. Understanding these processes is critical for predicting avalanche behaviour, assessing the effect of snow on soil freezing and developing strategies for natural resource management in winter conditions.