Nanotechnology has emerged as a revolutionary advancement in agriculture, particularly in postharvest management, offering sustainable solutions to extend the shelf life and quality of perishable tropical fruits. The vulnerability of such fruits to microbial contamination, moisture loss, and nutrient degradation poses significant challenges to food security and supply chains. Traditional preservation techniques, while widely used, often fall short in terms of sustainability and effectiveness. Nanotechnology provides a novel approach, utilizing nanoscale materials with unique properties for the development of innovative preservation methods such as nanocoatings and nanoemulsions. These nanomaterials form ultrathin, uniform coatings on fruit surfaces, effectively minimizing moisture loss, controlling gas exchange, and offering antimicrobial and antioxidant protection. Additionally, nano-enhanced smart packaging systems and controlled-release mechanisms introduce prolonged and responsive defence against spoilage. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse applications of nanotechnology in postharvest fruit preservation, highlighting its potential to reduce losses, maintain fruit quality, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.