Spinal disc disease is the major cause of both cervical and lumbar pain. Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is the gradual deterioration of the intervertebral discs (IVDs). Intervertebral discs (IVDs) act as cushion between the vertebrae in the spine. As these discs degenerate, they lose their ability to function effectively, leading to pain, reduced mobility, and other complications. Although the term “disease” is used, DDD results from the natural aging process, though it can be exacerbated by factors such as injury, genetics, and lifestyle choices. This chapter explores the anatomy of intervertebral discs, the aetiology and pathophysiology of DDD, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and strategies for prevention.