Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has emerged as a transformative technology in pharmaceutical manufacturing, offering cost-effective and customizable drug formulations. By utilizing a layer-by-layer extrusion process, FDM enables precise control over drug composition, release kinetics, and dosage personalization, making it a promising approach for patient-centric therapies. Since the FDA’s approval of the first 3D-printed drug, Spritam® (levetiracetam), in 2015, interest in this technology has surged, driving innovation in dosage form development. The economic feasibility of FDM printing in pharmaceuticals is increasingly being explored, with reductions in production costs, material waste, and supply chain complexities positioning it as a scalable alternative to conventional drug manufacturing. Market trends indicate a growing demand for personalized medicine, pushing pharmaceutical companies to invest in 3D printing solutions that can streamline drug production while ensuring regulatory compliance. As advancements in printable excipients and polymer-based formulations continue, the adoption of FDM in pharmaceutical applications is expected to expand, reshaping the industry’s approach to drug design and delivery. This chapter explores the economic and market trends shaping the adoption of FDM 3D printing in the pharmaceutical sector. Key drivers include the demand for personalized medicine, regulatory advancements, and a shift toward decentralized manufacturing models. By analyzing current trends and projecting future opportunities, this study provides insights into the evolving economic landscape of FDM 3D printing in pharmaceuticals, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize the industry.