The utilization of 3D printing in medicine has brought about profound changes, particularly in pharmaceuticals and dosage form design, offering cost-effective solutions. Techniques like stereolithography, hot melt extrusion, and bioprinting have revolutionized pharmaceutical production, enabling tailored treatment approaches. This technology facilitates personalized drug development and manufacturing, enhancing the efficacy of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Notably, 3D printing allows the evaluation of formulations using bio-printed organs, a significant advancement in pharmaceutical research. Moreover, medical devices such as pacemakers and dental implants benefit from 3D printing’s precision and customization. This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of 3D printing’s evolution, current applications, and future prospects, including advancements like 4D and 5D printing. Through detailed discussions, it aims to shed light on the transformative potential of 3D printing in medicine, from drug development to biomedical device manufacturing.