Infectious diseases caused by drug resistant microbes have posed major threat to human population that challenge to third goal of the seventeen sustainable development goals (17 SDGs) established by United Nations. The 3rd SDG is related to ensure good health and promoting well-being of humans at each age. Common strategies in confronting with infections practiced by clinicians are the use of synthetic antimicrobials and beta-lactamase inhibitors along with phytochemicals, which are having their own advantages, limitations and drawbacks. With the advent of nanobiotechnology, a new paradigm of antimicrobial nanoparticles has brought up a hope in the battle with multidrug resistance. Microbial synthesis of several nanoparticles active against several deadly microbes has opened a new avenue in the field of antimicrobial research. Most of the microbial nanoparticles synthesized till date are based on silver and gold which have traditionally been utilized in the formulations for therapeutic purposes. These microbial nanoparticles are also good candidates to be implemented against biofilm-associated infections. Mode of antimicrobial action of nanoparticles includes cell-wall disruption, oxidative stress on microbes and interference with their metabolism. Cost effectivity and scalability with least toxicity of nanoparticles could make them one of the alternative therapeutics in biomedical field to combat with different sturdy infectious conditions. Since everything returns to ecosystem, environmental safety issues associated with clinical trials should be addressed to investigate the effect of such nanomedicines on non-target species and ecosystem health.