Small Modular Reactors (SMR) have emerged as one of the most promising trends in nuclear reactor technology development. In this context, themes in human factors engineering applied to nuclear power plants (NPPs) operation and design have resurfaced in a different perspective, as SMRs’ operations differ from ones for conventional nuclear reactors. This research paper presents a scoping review of the literature regarding methods and tools in human factors engineering (HFE) currently applied or being studied for application to the design and operation of SMRs. In this process, we identified and analyzed emerging trends in how human factors and ergonomics can be integrated into this new nuclear power domain. After research strings building and execution, definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria and subsequent filtering, we outline how the 28 selected scientific publications advance on the themes such as safety, security and cybersecurity, automation, instrumentation and control systems and control room operation for SMR-powered NPPs.