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This paper presents the design and implementation of an 8-bit RISC processor using Verilog hardware description language (HDL) on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The primary aim is to develop a functional microprocessor capable of executing fundamental arithmetic and logic operations with a focus on simplicity and efficiency. The defining of the processor architecture, which includes the register structure and instruction set architecture (ISA), marks the start of the design process. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), registers, and memory interface are among the parts of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) that are modeled using Verilog HDL. The instruction set is deliberately streamlined yet versatile, covering essential operations like addition, subtraction, logical AND, logical OR, and shift instructions. The Verilog HDL design is synthesized and simulated using Xilinx ISE tools to verify functional correctness. Post-synthesis, the design is implemented on the Spartan-6 FPGA, and hardware validation is performed to ensure accurate operation. The ALU handles arithmetic and logic tasks, while the control unit oversees instruction execution and manages the processor’s state transitions. The results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing an 8-bit RISC processor on the Spartan-6 FPGA, highlighting the advantages of using FPGAs for educational and prototyping purposes. This work contributes to the understanding of processor design and FPGA-based implementation, providing a foundation for further research and development in the field of digital systems and computer architecture.

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Design and Implementation of 8-Bit RISC Processor Using Verilog HDL on FPGA Spartan-6 Development Board

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Hardik Modi,
  • Dharmendra Chauhan,
  • Sagarkumar Patel,
  • Romal Patil,
  • Nilesh Dubey

摘要

This paper presents the design and implementation of an 8-bit RISC processor using Verilog hardware description language (HDL) on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The primary aim is to develop a functional microprocessor capable of executing fundamental arithmetic and logic operations with a focus on simplicity and efficiency. The defining of the processor architecture, which includes the register structure and instruction set architecture (ISA), marks the start of the design process. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), registers, and memory interface are among the parts of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) that are modeled using Verilog HDL. The instruction set is deliberately streamlined yet versatile, covering essential operations like addition, subtraction, logical AND, logical OR, and shift instructions. The Verilog HDL design is synthesized and simulated using Xilinx ISE tools to verify functional correctness. Post-synthesis, the design is implemented on the Spartan-6 FPGA, and hardware validation is performed to ensure accurate operation. The ALU handles arithmetic and logic tasks, while the control unit oversees instruction execution and manages the processor’s state transitions. The results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing an 8-bit RISC processor on the Spartan-6 FPGA, highlighting the advantages of using FPGAs for educational and prototyping purposes. This work contributes to the understanding of processor design and FPGA-based implementation, providing a foundation for further research and development in the field of digital systems and computer architecture.