Fabrication and Analysis of Graphene and Its Hybrid-Based ECG Electrodes for Wireless Healthcare Applications
摘要
In this research, design, development, and fabrication of nanomaterials-based ECG electrodes were carried out. We fabricated three groups of electrodes: Group-I (G-I) was graphene/PDMS, Group-II (G-II) was graphene/MWCNT-COOH/SWCNT-COOH/PDMS, and Group-III (G-III) was MWCNT-COOH/SWCNT-COOH/PDMS. For each group, thirteen kinds of electrodes with varying concentrations were fabricated. The process of fabrication is scalable and cost-effective. This approach includes a two-step dispersion process using a bath sonicator: dispersion of nanomaterials in isopropyl alcohol (IPA), followed by dispersion with PDMS to achieve optimal dispersion. Mold technique was used to craft the electrodes. Topological analysis of the nanomaterials was done using TEM, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The best results were obtained from G-II (2 wt%). Fabricated electrodes are compatible with an Internet-of-Things (IoT) ECG tracking system.