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The Circle of Willis (CoW) is responsible for oxygenated blood perfusion throughout the brain. A non-Newtonian blood CFD flow model with a pulsatile inlet is applied to different CoW conditions involving constrictions (hypoplasticity and stenosis) and compared with ideal CoW for velocity profiles, vorticity, mass flow rates and wall shear stress at different locations. A pair of hypoplastic and stenotic ACA-A1 segments with 50 and 75% diameter reduction is modelled and analysed to comprehend the influence of flow constriction on the hemodynamics in CoW to predict cerebrovascular diseases and their probable sites. It is found that Anterior Communicating Artery (ACoM) offers the collateral path for blood flow during constriction and the rate of blood flow in the ACoM can be used as an indicator of abnormalities in blood circulation in the CoW. Flow recirculation regions increase with the constriction and are more prominent in the hypoplastic case. The temporal velocity profile is 5–25% higher in the hypoplastic case. Hypoplastic or stenotic vessels cause flow distortions, leading to the propagation of cerebrovascular diseases. Hypoplasticity has a relatively severe impact attributable to higher recirculation zones and collateral flow in ACoM and is highest at 75% area reduction.

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Hemodynamic Analysis of Circulatory Constrictions in the ACA-A1 Segment of Circle of Willis

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Harikrishna M. Menon,
  • Tondup Dolkar,
  • S. R. Shine

摘要

The Circle of Willis (CoW) is responsible for oxygenated blood perfusion throughout the brain. A non-Newtonian blood CFD flow model with a pulsatile inlet is applied to different CoW conditions involving constrictions (hypoplasticity and stenosis) and compared with ideal CoW for velocity profiles, vorticity, mass flow rates and wall shear stress at different locations. A pair of hypoplastic and stenotic ACA-A1 segments with 50 and 75% diameter reduction is modelled and analysed to comprehend the influence of flow constriction on the hemodynamics in CoW to predict cerebrovascular diseases and their probable sites. It is found that Anterior Communicating Artery (ACoM) offers the collateral path for blood flow during constriction and the rate of blood flow in the ACoM can be used as an indicator of abnormalities in blood circulation in the CoW. Flow recirculation regions increase with the constriction and are more prominent in the hypoplastic case. The temporal velocity profile is 5–25% higher in the hypoplastic case. Hypoplastic or stenotic vessels cause flow distortions, leading to the propagation of cerebrovascular diseases. Hypoplasticity has a relatively severe impact attributable to higher recirculation zones and collateral flow in ACoM and is highest at 75% area reduction.